- List of Figures
- Acknowledgement
- Abstract
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Problem Statement
- 1.2. Approach
- 1.3. Motivation
- 1.4. Summary of Thesis
- 2. Historical Review
- 2.1. Parking Legislation
- 2.2. Planning
- 2.2.1. General Planners
- 2.2.2. Path-Planning
- 2.2.3. Spatial Reasoning
- 2.3. Control
- 2.4. Sensors
- 2.4.1. 1-D Ultrasonic Ranging
- 2.4.2. Posture Sensors
- 2.5. Multiple Sensors and Data Fusion
- 2.6. Procedural Knowledge Representation
- 2.7. Summary
- 3. Derivation of a Curve for Parking a Car
- 3.1. The Rear Path
- 3.1.1. Derivation by Docking Constraints
- 3.1.2. Examples
- 3.2. The Front Path
- 3.2.1. Derivation by Nonholonomic Constraints
- 3.2.2. Examples
- 3.3. Summary
- 4. Open-loop Control
- 4.1. 1-D Open-Loop Control
- 4.1.1. 1-D Open-Loop Control of an Error-Free Plant Model
- 4.1.2. Simulation of 1-D Open-Loop Control of an Error-Free Plant Model
- 4.1.3. Simulation of 1-D Open-Loop Control of an Erroneous Plant Model
- 4.2. 2-D Open-Loop Control
- 4.2.1. 2-D Open-Loop Control of an Error-Free Plant Model
- 4.2.2. Simulation of 2-D Open-Loop Control of an Error-Free Plant Model
- 4.2.3. Simulation of 2-D Open-Loop Control of an Erroneous Plant Model
- 4.3. Summary of Open-loop Control
- 5. Closed-Loop Control
- 5.1. System Overview
- 5.2. 1-D Motion
- 5.2.1. Internal Sensors
- 5.2.2. External Sensor
- 5.2.3 Sensor Fusion
- 5.2.4. 1-D Simulation Results.
- 5.3. 2-D Motion
- 5.3.1. Internal Sensors
- 5.3.2. External Sensors
- 5.3.3. 2-D Sensor Fusion
- 5.3.4. Simulation Results
- 5.4. Summary of Closed-Loop Control
- 6. Discussion and Conclusions
- Literature Cited
- Appendix A. Derivation of the Fifth-Order Polynomial
- A.1. Derivation of the Full Fifth-Order Polynomial
- A.2. Derivation of the Simplified Fifth-Order Polynomial
- A.3. Examples
- Appendix B. Nonholonomic Systems
- Appendix C. Rolling Resistance
- Appendix D. The STELLA Notation
- D.1. Example 1, Differential Equations in STELLA.
- D.2. Example 2, Asymptotic Stability
- D.3. Summary
- D.4. STELLA Notation
- D.5. The STELLA Code
- Appendix E. Proportional and Derivative Control Mix Ratio
- Appendix F. Measured Maneuver Room vs. PSL-L
- Appendix G. Linear Acceleration and Steering Speed
- Appendix H. Modeling Error and Tracking Performance
- Appendix I. Glossary
- I.1. Terms
- I.2. Constants and Parameters
- I.3. Variables
- I.4. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in the Graphs
- I.5. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in Appendix A
- I.6. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in Appendix B.
- I.7. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in Appendix C.
- I.8. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in Appendix D.
- I.9. Additional Variables, Constants and Parameters Introduced in Appendix E.